Les cellules souches conservent en mémoire leur ancienne vie

Insolites, drôles ou étonnantes, voici les news scientifiques sélectionnées régulièrement par l'ami Bull. Mais vous pouvez vous aussi y poster vos infos. (attention à la rigueur scientifique)

Modérateurs : Eric, jerome, Travis, Charlotte, marie.m, Magda Dorner, Bull

Répondre
Avatar du membre
Stéphane
Administrateur - Site Admin
Messages : 1889
Enregistré le : lun. déc. 17, 2007 1:58 pm
Contact :

Les cellules souches conservent en mémoire leur ancienne vie

Message par Stéphane » mar. juil. 27, 2010 6:03 pm

Les chercheurs n’ont pas fini d’en apprendre sur les cellules souches : aujourd’hui, des études démontrent leur capacité à garder en mémoire les caractéristiques du type cellulaire duquel elles proviennent.

Plus d'infos.

Image

Avatar du membre
Bull
Messages : 1604
Enregistré le : mar. juil. 18, 2006 6:02 pm

Message par Bull » mar. juil. 27, 2010 9:43 pm

Abstracts ci-dessous :
Nat Biotechnol.
2010 Jul 19. [Epub ahead of print]


Cell type of origin influences the molecular and functional properties of mouse induced pluripotent stem cells.

Polo JM, Liu S, Figueroa ME, Kulalert W, Eminli S, Tan KY, Apostolou E, Stadtfeld M, Li Y, Shioda T, Natesan S, Wagers AJ, Melnick A, Evans T, Hochedlinger K.

[1] Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University and Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. [2] Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA. [3] Massachusetts General Hospital Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [4] Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
Abstract

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been derived from various somatic cell populations through ectopic expression of defined factors. It remains unclear whether iPSCs generated from different cell types are molecularly and functionally similar. Here we show that iPSCs obtained from mouse fibroblasts, hematopoietic and myogenic cells exhibit distinct transcriptional and epigenetic patterns. Moreover, we demonstrate that cellular origin influences the in vitro differentiation potentials of iPSCs into embryoid bodies and different hematopoietic cell types. Notably, continuous passaging of iPSCs largely attenuates these differences. Our results suggest that early-passage iPSCs retain a transient epigenetic memory of their somatic cells of origin, which manifests as differential gene expression and altered differentiation capacity. These observations may influence ongoing attempts to use iPSCs for disease modeling and could also be exploited in potential therapeutic applications to enhance differentiation into desired cell lineages.
Nature.
2010 Jul 19. [Epub ahead of print]


Epigenetic memory in induced pluripotent stem cells.

Kim K, Doi A, Wen B, Ng K, Zhao R, Cahan P, Kim J, Aryee MJ, Ji H, Ehrlich LI, Yabuuchi A, Takeuchi A, Cunniff KC, Hongguang H, McKinney-Freeman S, Naveiras O, Yoon TJ, Irizarry RA, Jung N, Seita J, Hanna J, Murakami P, Jaenisch R, Weissleder R, Orkin SH, Weissman IL, Feinberg AP, Daley GQ.

Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Children's Hospital Boston and Dana Farber Cancer Institute; Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women's Hospital; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School; Harvard Stem Cell Institute; Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Abstract

Somatic cell nuclear transfer and transcription-factor-based reprogramming revert adult cells to an embryonic state, and yield pluripotent stem cells that can generate all tissues. Through different mechanisms and kinetics, these two reprogramming methods reset genomic methylation, an epigenetic modification of DNA that influences gene expression, leading us to hypothesize that the resulting pluripotent stem cells might have different properties. Here we observe that low-passage induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived by factor-based reprogramming of adult murine tissues harbour residual DNA methylation signatures characteristic of their somatic tissue of origin, which favours their differentiation along lineages related to the donor cell, while restricting alternative cell fates. Such an 'epigenetic memory' of the donor tissue could be reset by differentiation and serial reprogramming, or by treatment of iPSCs with chromatin-modifying drugs. In contrast, the differentiation and methylation of nuclear-transfer-derived pluripotent stem cells were more similar to classical embryonic stem cells than were iPSCs. Our data indicate that nuclear transfer is more effective at establishing the ground state of pluripotency than factor-based reprogramming, which can leave an epigenetic memory of the tissue of origin that may influence efforts at directed differentiation for applications in disease modelling or treatment.

Répondre

Retourner vers « Section 1 : Des nouvelles des sciences »